| IMMUNODERMATOLOGY |
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| Year : 2009 | Volume
: 54
| Issue : 3 | Page : 258-262 |
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Anti-idiotype antibodies in immune regulation of ANCA associated vasculitis
Vandana D Pradhan, Kanjaksha Ghosh
Department of Autoimmune Disorders, Institute of Immunohaematology, Indian Council of Medical Research, 13th Floor, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai - 400 012, India
Correspondence Address:
Vandana D Pradhan
Department of Autoimmune Disorders, Institute of Immunohaematology, Indian Council of Medical Research, 13th Floor, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai - 400 012
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.55637
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Background: Anti-idiotype antibodies (anti-ids) have a potential role in the immunomodulation of various autoimmune disorders. The immunoregulatory role of anti-idiotypic antibodies in ANCA-associated vasculitis needs to be studied. This study was conducted in clinically and histopathologically diagnosed ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients. Methods: Anti-ids were tested in 100 AAV patients of which 80 had anti-MPO and 20 had anti-PR3 antibodies at various stages of disease over a period of 2-3 years. The disease activity was estimated by the Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS). The affinity-purified ANCA F(ab')2 fragments were prepared using three each of anti-MPO and anti-PR3 high titer sera and were used as idiotype coats for anti-idiotype antibody detection by ELISA. Positivity was confirmed by fluid phase inhibition ELISA. Results: Patients who went into remission showed 53.8% anti-ids to anti-MPO and 52.9% to anti-PR3 with low BVAS values (0-8), whereas in patients with active disease, only 12.5% had anti-ids to anti-MPO and 10% had anti-ids to anti-PR3 with comparatively high BVAS (18-32), while five cases who had relapse (BVAS 18-20) did not have anti-ids to anti-MPO or anti-PR3. An inverse correlation was noted between ANCA and anti-ids ( r = -0.901). Conclusions: High prevalence of anti-ids in remission cases and low prevalence in active cases with absence of anti-ids in relapse cases as well as an inverse correlation of ANCA and anti-ids indicate its beneficial effect on the disease process, thus suggesting the dynamic role of anti-idiotype networks in the immunoregulation of AAV. |
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